期刊
JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY
卷 27, 期 2, 页码 94-102出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0891988714522697
关键词
depression; cognitive decline; vascular risk factors; cardiovascular disease; women; dementia; depressive symptoms
资金
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services [N01WH22110, 24152, 32100-2, 32105-6, 32108-9, 32111-13, 32115, 32118-32119, 32122, 42107-26, 42129-32, 44221]
- Department of Health and Human Services
- National Institute on Aging [NO1-AG-1-2106]
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging
- National Institutes of Health
- Alzheimer's Association [NIRG-11-204070]
- Extendicare Foundation
- Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (NARSAD)
- Wyeth Pharmaceuticals
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (previously NARSAD) young investigator award
Elevated depressive symptoms (DS) are associated with incident mild cognitive impairment and probable dementia in postmenopausal women. We examined the association of elevated DS with domain-specific cognitive changes and the moderating role of cardiovascular risk factor severity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A total of 2221 elderly women who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging were separated into those with (N = 204) and without (N = 2017) elevated DS. The DS and multidomain cognitive outcomes were measured annually for an average follow-up of 5.04 years. Women with elevated DS showed baseline multidomain cognitive deficits but longitudinal declines in global cognition only. Persistent DS was related to greater global cognition, verbal knowledge and fluency, and memory declines. Significant DS-CVD interactions were observed cross-sectionally (but not longitudinally) for figural memory and fine motor speed. Future studies should investigate the role of nonvascular mechanisms linking DS and cognitive decline.
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