The Post-meiotic Deficicent Anther1 (PDA1) gene is required for post-meiotic anther development in rice

To understand the molecular mechanism of male reproductive development in the model crop rice, we isolated a complete male sterile mutant post-meiotic deficient anther1 (pda1) from gamma-ray-treated rice mutant library. Genetic analysis revealed that the pda1 Mutant was controlled by a recessive nucleus gene. The pda1 Mutant anther seemed smaller with white appearance. Histological analysis demonstrated that the pda1 mutant anther undergoes normal early tapetum development without obvious altered meiosis. However, the pda1 mutant displayed obvious defects in postmeiotic tapetal development, abnormal degeneration occurred in the tapetal cells at stage 9 of anther development. Also we observed abnormal lipidic Ubisch bodies from the tapetal layer of the pda1 mutant, causing no obvious pollen exine formation. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of genes involved in anther development including GAMYB, OsC4 and Wax-deficient anther1 (WDA1) was greatly reduced in the pda1 mutant anther. Using map-based cloning approach, the PDA1 gene was finely mapped between two markers HLF610 and HLF627 on chromosome 6 using 3,883 individuals of F-2 population. The physical distance between HLF610 and HLF627 was about 194 kb. This work suggests that PDA1 is required for post-meiotic tapetal development and pollen/microspore formation in rice.