Host factors used by positive-strand RNA plant viruses for genome replication

Replication of positive-strand RNA [(+)RNA] viruses proceeds through well-orchestrated actions of both viral and host factors. Remarkable features of eukaryotic (+)RNA virus replication include hijacking of host factors by viral components and remodeling of intracellular membranes to establish the viral replication factory, where viral RNA is synthesized. Here we review recent progress in our understanding of how (+)RNA plant viruses use host factors to create favorable environments for viral RNA replication.