期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
卷 64, 期 16, 页码 5033-5047出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert292
关键词
Brachypodium; (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan; cell cycle; cell wall; endosperm; starch
资金
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK)
- UEA/John Innes Centre
To explain the low levels of starch, high levels of (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan, and thick cell walls in grains of Brachypodium distachyon L. relative to those in other Pooideae, aspects of grain development were compared between B. distachyon and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Cell proliferation, cell expansion, and endoreduplication were reduced in B. distachyon relative to barley and, consistent with these changes, transcriptional downregulation of the cell-cycle genes CDKB1 and cyclin A3 was observed. Similarly, reduced transcription of starch synthase I and starch-branching enzyme I was observed as well as reduced activity of starch synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which are consistent with the lowered starch content in B. distachyon grains. No change was detected in transcription of the major gene involved in (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan synthesis, cellulose synthase-like F6. These results suggest that, while low starch content results from a reduced capacity for starch synthesis, the unusually thick cell walls in B. distachyon endosperm probably result from continuing (1,3;1,4)-beta-glucan deposition in endosperm cells that fail to expand. This raises the possibility that endosperm expansion is linked to starch deposition.
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