期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 215, 期 5, 页码 796-805出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.060103
关键词
fluorescence; papiliochrome II; thin film; multilayer; scattering
类别
资金
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research/European Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AFOSR/EOARD) [FA8655-08-1-3012]
- AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0020]
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/E000177/1, JF16983] Funding Source: researchfish
- BBSRC [BB/E000177/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The wings of four papilionid butterfly species of the nireus group, Papilio bromius, P. epiphorbas, P. nireus and P. oribazus, are marked by blue-green coloured bands surrounded by black margins. The cover scales in the coloured bands contain a violet-absorbing, blue-fluorescing pigment. The fluorescence and absorbance spectra of the nireus group wings are very similar to those of the wings of the Japanese yellow swallowtail, Papilio xuthus, and thus the pigment is presumably papiliochrome. II. The scale structures of P. xuthus are arranged irregularly, and both the fluorescence and light reflection are diffuse. In the nireus papilionids, the spatial fluorescence distribution of the scales is also diffuse, but the reflection is specular. The scales have a multilayered structure, consisting of two main laminae. We show that the papiliochrome. II pigment in the upper lamina of the scales functions as a violet-blocking long-pass filter in front of the lower lamina, thus limiting the reflectance spectrum to the blue-green wavelength range. Optical modelling showed that the papiliochrome. II filter effectively removes the angle dependency of the reflectance spectra - that is, it reduces the wing iridescence. The contribution of the fluorescence signal to the visual appearance is minor.
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