Heteropolyacids: An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of CL-20

CL-20, a high-energy material with a cage-like structure, is considered the most powerful explosive today. It is usually prepared via nitration with concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid, but this technique pollutes the environment. In this article, CL-20 was synthesized by nitration of 2,6,8,12-tetraacetyl 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5,5,0,0 3,11,0 5,9] dodecane (TAIW) using a clean nitrating agent, heteropolyacids. Using the new nitrating agent caused the elimination of concentrated sulfuric acid during the reaction. This is an environmentally friendly technique.