Hypertriglyceridemia and Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolemia Are Associated with Increased Hazard for Urolithiasis

Purpose: To assess the association between dyslipidemia and urolithiasis, a propensity score-matching study was performed. Patients and Methods: Fasting blood samples were taken, and serum lipid profiles were measured in 655 stone formers (SF) and 1965 propensity score-matched controls between 2005 and 2011. The controls, from a health-screening program, did not have a history of dyslipidemia or statin use and have any evidence of stone disease, as determined by abdominal radiography, ultrasonography examination. Propensity score-matching with respect to age, sex, and body mass index was used to minimize selection bias, and the logistic regression analysis was adjusted for other components of metabolic syndrome. Results: Compared with controls, the SF group had significantly higher mean triglyceride and lower total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (each P < 0.001). The SF group was also more likely to have hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterolemia, and less likely to have hypercholesterolemia and high LDL cholesterolemia compared with controls (each P< 0.05). When adjusted for other components of metabolic syndrome including obesity, presence of diabetes mellitus or hypertension, the odds ratio (OR) for urinary stones appeared with hypercholesterolemia (OR= 0.747, P = 0.003), hypertriglyceridemia (OR= 1.901, P < 0.001), low HDL cholesterolemia (OR= 1.886, P < 0.001) and high LDL cholesterolemia (OR= 0.610, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study implies that dyslipidemia may play a crucial part in urinary stone risk.