Nonenzymatic electrochemical detection of glucose based on Pd1Pt3-graphene nanomaterials

A nonenzymatic glucose biosensor based on Pd1Pt3-graphene nanomaterials was fabricated. The Pd1Pt3-graphene nanomaterials were prepared by a one-pot microwave heating method. Atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the resulted nanomaterials. The electrocatalytic characteristics of the Pd1Pt3-graphene nanomaterials were evaluated for the nonenzymatic oxidation of glucose by using voltammetry. Compared with the unsupported Pd1Pt3 nanomaterials, Pd1Pt3-graphene nanomaterials exhibited a great enhancement toward the oxidation of glucose. A nonenzymatic amperometric glucose biosensor with rapid response was developed with using the Pd1Pt3-graphene as an electrocatalyst in the neutral phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.4). In addition, the common interfering species, such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid did not cause obvious interference. The biosensor can also be used for quantification of the concentration of glucose in real clinical samples. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.