期刊
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS
卷 32, 期 2, 页码 158-168出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e318206d58f
关键词
neurodevelopment; magnetic resonance imaging; gray matter:white matter; pediatric
资金
- NHMRC
- Australian Rotary Health Post-doctoral Fellowship
The arrival of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has offered major advances in our understanding of both normal and abnormal neurodevelopment. This review is a broad overview of the key findings that anatomical MRI research has provided in regard to the normal developing brain and presents key issues and consideration in pediatric imaging. Volumetric MRI studies, using various methods, have reliably found that gray-matter volume increases and peaks in late childhood, followed by a slow but continued loss, whereas white matter increases rapidly until age 10 years with continued development well beyond adolescence. The introduction of analysis techniques, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness measures, and cortical pattern mapping, have begun to answer more regionally specific questions. Pediatric neuroimaging studies carry specific requirements, given not only the high degree of variability between individuals, ages, and sexes but also issues of behavioral compliance, MR signal, and postprocessing methodologies such as appropriate normalization. Considerations in future pediatric imaging studies are presented. Ultimately, the promise of computational analysis of structural MRI data is to understand how changes in cerebral morphology relate to acquisition and enhancement of skills and behaviors in typical and atypical development.
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