期刊
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY
卷 123, 期 4, 页码 406-420出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0016851
关键词
pigeon; undergraduate; categorization; one-reason decision making; information search
资金
- European Community [516542]
- LSRC [RES-000-22-1779]
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/D004489/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- ESRC [ES/D004489/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Pigeons and undergraduates learned conditional discriminations involving multiple spatially separated stimulus dimensions. Under some conditions, the dimensions were made available sequentially. In 3 experiments, the dimensions were all perfectly valid predictors of the response that would be reinforced and mutually redundant: in 2 others. they varied in Validity. In tests with stimuli in which 1 of the 3 dimensions took an anomalous value, most but not all individuals of both species categorized them in terms of single dimensions. When information was delivered as a function of the passage of time, some students, but no pigeons, waited for the most useful information, especially when the cues differed in objective validity. When the subjects could control information delivery, both species obtained information selectively. When cue validities varied, almost all Students tended to choose the most valid cues, and when all cues were valid, some chose the cues by which they classified test stimuli. Only a few pigeons chose the most useful information in either situation. Despite their tendency to unidimensional categorization, the pigeons showed no evidence of rule-governed behavior. but students followed a simple take-the-best rule.
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