Plant-mediated synthesis of platinum nanoparticles and its bioreductive mechanism

Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) were biologically synthesized by reducing Na2PtCl4 with Cacumen Platycladi Extract (CPE). The effects of reaction temperature, initial Pt(II) concentration, and CPE percentage on Pt(II) conversion and the size distribution of the PtNPs were studied. The results showed that the Pt(II) conversion rate reached 95.9% and that PtNPs measuring 2.4 +/- 0.8 nm were obtained under the following conditions: reaction temperature, 90 degrees C; CPE percentage, 70%; initial Pt(II) concentration, 0.5 mM; reaction time, 25 h. In addition, the bioreduction of Pt(II) was attributed to reducing sugars and flavonoids rather than proteins. The elucidation of bioreductive mechanism of Pt(II) ions was achieved by investigating the changes that occurred in the reducing sugar, flavonoid and protein concentrations in the plant extract, leading to a good insight into the formation mechanism of such biosynthesized PtNPs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.