Selective adsorption of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions using the ion-imprinted magnetic chitosan resins

The ion-imprinted magnetic chitosan resins (IMCR) prepared using U(VI) as a template and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker showed higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for the U(VI) ions compared with the non-imprinted magnetic chitosan resins (NIMCR) without a template. The results showed that the adsorption of U(VI) on the magnetic chitosan resins was affected by the initial pH value, the initial U(VI) concentration, as well as the temperature. Both kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process were estimated. These data indicated an exothermic spontaneous adsorption process that kinetically followed the second-order adsorption process. Equilibrium experiments were fitted in Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models to show very good fits with the Langmuir isotherm equation for the monolayer adsorption process. The monolayer adsorption capacity values of 187.26 mg/g for IMCR and 160.77 mg/g for NIMCR were very close to the maximum capacity values obtained at pH 5.0, temperature 298 K, adsorbent dose 50 mg, and contact time 3 h. The selectivity coefficient of uranyl ions and other metal ions on IMCR indicated an overall preference for uranyl ions. Furthermore, the IMCR could be regenerated through the desorption of the U(VI) ions using 0.5 M HNO3 solution and could be reused to adsorb again. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.