Effect of UV irradiation on the surface Gibbs energy of Ti6Al4V and thermally oxidized Ti6Al4V

Thermal oxidation of Ti6Al4V increases the thickness, modifies the structure, and changes the amount of alloying elements of the surface titanium dioxide layer with respect to the spontaneous passive layer of Ti6Al4V. The effects on the surface properties of Ti6Al4V and thermally oxidized Ti6Al4V after different periods of UV irradiation have been studied by measurement of water, formamide, and diiodomethane contact angles. The rate of modification of the water contact angle with the irradiation time is dependent on the surface treatment, but the water adhesion work, after an initial energetic step, follows a similar trend for both. Application of the Young equation together with the van Oss approach allowed evaluation of the surface Gibbs energy of the alloys. Similar to the water adhesion work, the surface Gibbs energy dependence on the irradiation time follows a similar trend for both samples and it is due to the change of the electron-donor parameter of the acid-base component. Also, a linear relationship common for both samples has been obtained between the cosines of the water contact angle and the formamide or diiodomethane contact angle. These facts indicate that the surface modification continuously produced by the UV irradiation is similar all along the process and similar for both samples after an energetic threshold for the thermally oxidized sample. It has been also tested that the hydrophilic-hydrophobic conversion is reversible for Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V thermally treated. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.