Long-term analysis of osseointegrated implants in non-smoker patients with a previous history of periodontitis

Aim To evaluate long-term clinical and radiographic parameters of osseointegrated implants in non-smoker patients with a previous history of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods Fifty-four screw-type implants with a moderately roughened surface and internal hexagonal implant-abutment connection were placed according to a two-phase protocol and 40 reference teeth were analysed at baseline, and after 5 and 10years. Pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing were analysed 6x/tooth in all teeth, implants and reference teeth. Radiographic peri-implant bone level was measured on the mesial and distal surfaces. The prevalence of peri-implantitis and the survival rate of the implants were assessed at the patient and implant levels. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Wald Z-test, at alpha=5%. Results In implants, the CAL at 5years was 0.3mm higher, and at 10years 1.2mm higher in comparison to baseline. The corresponding data for the reference teeth were 0mm and 0.5mm respectively. Multilevel testing showed statistical difference for PPD between implants and teeth over time. After 10years, the mean mesial bone loss was 0.63 +/- 0.26mm, and the mean distal bone loss was 0.56 +/- 0.25. The survival rates were 100% and 92.3% for the implants in the mandible and the implants in the maxilla respectively. Conclusions Screw-type implants with internal hexagon placed in patients with a previous history of periodontitis attending a regular maintenance programme demonstrated stable clinical and radiographic results after 5 and 10years.