Alkaline phosphatase immobilization onto Bio-Gide® and Bio-Oss® for periodontal and bone regeneration

Aim To evaluate the effect of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) immobilization onto Bio-Gide (R) in vitro, and to study the in vivo performance of ALP-enriched Bio-Gide (R) and/or Bio-Oss (R) with the purpose to enhance periodontal regeneration. Materials and Methods Alkaline phosphatase ALP was immobilized onto Bio-Gide (R) and Bio-Oss (R). Forty-eight rats received periodontal defects, which were treated according to one of the following strategies: Bio-Gide (R), Bio-Gide (R)-ALP, Bio-Gide (R)-ALP/Bio-Oss (R), Bio-Gide (R)/Bio-Oss (R)-ALP, Bio-Gide (R)-ALP/Bio-Oss (R)-ALP, or empty. Micro-CT and histological analysis were performed. Results A 30 similar to min ALP-deposition time was determined as optimal from mineralization capacity assessment and consequently used as Bio-Gide (R)-ALP membranes in the animal experiment. In vivo results showed that after 2 similar to weeks, the defect and implanted materials were still visible, an inflammatory response was present, and membrane degradation was ongoing. Bone formation, although limited, was observed in the majority of Bio-Gide (R)-ALP specimens and all of the Bio-Gide (R)/Bio-Oss (R)-ALP specimens, and was significantly higher compared with Bio-Gide (R) and empty controls. After 6 similar to weeks, the defects and particles were still visible, whereas membranes were completely degraded. The inflammatory response was decreased and bone formation appeared superior for Bio-Gide (R)-ALP treated defects. Conclusion Immobilization of ALP onto guided tissue regeneration (GTR)/ guided bone regeneration (GBR)-materials (Bio-Gide (R) and Bio-Oss (R)) can enhance the performance of these materials in GTR/GBR procedures.