期刊
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
卷 18, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/18/1/012002
关键词
quantum computation; average fidelity; randomized benchmarking; quantum information; fault-tolerance thresholds
资金
- Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), through the US Army Research Office
- US Army Research Office [W911NF-14-1-0103]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Alberta Innovates Technology Futures
- China's 1000 Talent Plan
Remarkable experimental advances in quantum computing are exemplified by recent announcements of impressive average gate fidelities exceeding 99.9% for single-qubit gates and 99% for two-qubit gates. Although these high numbers engender optimism that fault-tolerant quantum computing is within reach, the connection of average gate fidelity with fault-tolerance requirements is not direct. Here we use reported average gate fidelity to determine an upper bound on the quantum-gate error rate, which is the appropriate metric for assessing progress towards fault-tolerant quantum computation, and we demonstrate that this bound is asymptotically tight for general noise. Although this bound is unlikely to be saturated by experimental noise, we demonstrate using explicit examples that the bound indicates a realistic deviation between the true error rate and the reported average fidelity. We introduce the Pauli distance as a measure of this deviation, and we show that knowledge of the Pauli distance enables tighter estimates of the error rate of quantum gates.
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