期刊
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
卷 57, 期 -, 页码 328-349出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.08.001
关键词
Pattern recognition; Magnetic resonance imaging; Psychiatric diagnostics; Psychiatric disorders; Mental disorders; Schizophrenia; Bipolar disorder; Major depressive disorder; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Social anxiety disorder; Post-traumatic stress disorder; Specific phobia; Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; Autism spectrum disorder
资金
- European Community [602450, H2020/2014-2020, 643051, 642996]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [016-130-669, 433-09-242, 056-13-015]
- Gravitation Programme Language in Interaction [024.001.006]
- FP7 [602805, 603016, 278948]
- ENIGMA Center for world-wide Medicine Imaging and Genomics from the National of Health's BD2K Initiative [U54 EB020403]
- Language in Interaction consortium - NWO under the Gravitation Programme
Psychiatric disorders are increasingly being recognised as having a biological basis, but their diagnosis is made exclusively behaviourally. A promising approach for 'biomarker' discovery has been based on pattern recognition methods applied to neuroimaging data, which could yield clinical utility in future. In this review we survey the literature on pattern recognition for making diagnostic predictions in psychiatric disorders, and evaluate progress made in translating such findings towards clinical application. We evaluate studies on many criteria, including data modalities used, the types of features extracted and algorithm applied. We identify problems common to many studies, such as a relatively small sample size and a primary focus on estimating generalisability within a single study. Furthermore, we highlight challenges that are not widely acknowledged in the field including the importance of accommodating disease prevalence, the necessity of more extensive validation using large carefully acquired samples, the need for methodological innovations to improve accuracy and to discriminate between multiple disorders simultaneously. Finally, we identify specific clinical contexts in which pattern recognition can add value in the short to medium term. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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