期刊
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
卷 55, 期 -, 页码 294-321出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.015
关键词
N-acetylcysteine (NAC); Psychiatry; Neurology; Mechanism of action
资金
- NIH [MH091384-01A1]
- Cooperative Research Centre
- Simons Autism Foundation (SFARI) [201473]
- Cancer Council of Victoria
- Stanley Medical Research Foundation
- MBF
- NHMRC [APP 1061043, APP 1026307, APP1078928, 1059660]
- Beyond Blue
- Rotary Health
- Geelong Medical Research Foundation
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly
- Glaxo SmithKline
- Meat and Livestock Board
- Organon
- Novartis
- Mayne Pharma
- Servier
- Woolworths
- Brain and Behavior Research Foundation
- Simons Foundation
- Australian Rotary Health
- Stanley Medical Research Institute
- Lilly
- NHMRC
- ASBD/Servier
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is recognized for its role in acetaminophen overdose and as a mucolytic. Over the past decade, there has been growing evidence for the use of NAC in treating psychiatric and neurological disorders, considering its role in attenuating pathophysiological processes associated with these disorders, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and glutamate and dopamine dysregulation. In this systematic review we find favorable evidence for the use of NAC in several psychiatric and neurological disorders, particularly autism, Alzheimer's disease, cocaine and cannabis addiction, bipolar disorder, depression, trichotillomania, nail biting, skin picking, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, drug-induced neuropathy and progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Disorders such as anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mild traumatic brain injury have preliminary evidence and require larger confirmatory studies while current evidence does not support the use of NAC in gambling, methamphetamine and nicotine addictions and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Overall, NAC treatment appears to be safe and tolerable. Further well designed, larger controlled trials are needed for specific psychiatric and neurological disorders where the evidence is favorable. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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