期刊
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
卷 56, 期 2, 页码 147-154出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12289
关键词
Fearlessness; psychobiology; autonomic; cortisol; conduct problems; callous-unemotional traits
资金
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [1PO1HD39667, 2PO1HD039667]
- National Institute of Drug Abuse
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Minority Health
- NIH Office of the Director
- National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities
- Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research
BackgroundApproximately one third of children who meet criteria for conduct problems (CP) are also characterized by elevated callous-unemotional (CU) traits. This subgroup is at elevated risk for more pervasive and extreme levels of later antisocial behavior and has been characterized by a fearlessness temperament and blunted stress psychophysiology at older ages. The objective of this study was to examine group differences in fear reactivity and stress psychophysiology in infancy among children classified as having CP with CU (CP+CU), CP without CU (CP only), or no CP in later childhood. MethodsA birth cohort study (n=1,292) was followed longitudinally from birth through first grade. Behavioral fear, baseline heart period (HP) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and pretask, 20-min posttask, and 40-min posttask salivary cortisol were assessed at 6 and 15months of age around a fear challenge task. CP and CU were assessed by maternal report at first grade and children were classified into CP and CU groups if they scored in the upper 10(th) percentile of these ratings. ResultsNo group differences were observed in children at 6months of age. However, at 15months of age children with later CP+CU displayed greater high-intensity fear behavior, higher pretask and overall cortisol levels, and lower levels of HP and RSA compared to children with CP only and children with no CP. ConclusionsThe discrepancy between the biobehavioral correlates of conduct problems with callous-unemotional traits in infancy and those reported from studies of older children and adults suggests that the etiology of this behavioral phenotype may be more complex than a simple genetic maturation model.
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