Neurometabolite Effects of Response to Quetiapine and Placebo in Adolescents with Bipolar Depression

Objective: Mood stabilizers have been reported to affect brain concentrations of myo-inositol (mI) and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). We examined the effects of quetiapine (QUET), an atypical antipsychotic, on these neurochemicals, and potential predictors of response to QUET in adolescents with bipolar depression. Methods: Twenty-six adolescents with bipolar depression participated in an 8-week placebo-controlled trial of QUET monotherapy. Subjects were scanned at baseline and after 8 weeks with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 3T and 4T at two sites, with 8 cm(3) voxels placed in the right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). LCModel was used to calculate absolute concentrations of NAA and mI. Results: Twenty-six subjects had pre- and posttreatment scans (mean age = 15.6 years, 9 boys). Of these subjects, 5 out of 16 subjects receiving QUET and 5 out of 10 receiving placebo (PBO) were responders (50% decrease in Children's Depression Rating Scale [ CDRS] score). Although baseline ACC mI did not predict responder status, responders had significantly lower posttreatment ACC mI values than did nonresponders (3.27 +/- .71 vs. 4.23 +/- .70; p = 0.004). There were no significant differences in the changes in ACC and DLPFC NAA levels in the QUET group compared with the PBO group (ACC: -0.55 +/- 1.3 vs. + 0.25 +/- 1.5, p = 0.23; right-DLPFC: -0.55 +/- 1.3 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.89, p = 0.13; left-DLPFC: -0.04 +/- 0.91 vs. +0.29 +/- 0.61, p = 0.41). Conclusion: We found that posttreatment, not baseline, ACC mI levels were associated with response to QUET in adolescents with bipolar depression. There were no differences in NAA concentration changes between the QUET and PBO groups. Larger studies including different brain regions would help to clarify the effects of QUET on neurochemistry in patients with bipolar disorder.