Application of Gaussian Electrostatic Model (GEM) Distributed Multipoles in the AMOEBA Force Field

We present the inclusion of distributed multipoles obtained from the Gaussian Electrostatic Model (GEM) into the AMOEBA force field. As a proof of principle, we have reparametrized water and alanine di-peptide. The GEM distributed multipoles (GEM-DM) have been obtained at the same levels of theory as those used for the original AMOEBA parametrization. The use of GEM allows the derivation of the distributed multipoles from the analytical fit to the molecular density or the numerical fit to the molecular electrostatic potential (mESP). In addition, GEM-DM are intrinsically finite of the highest order of the auxiliary basis used for the GEM fit. We also present the fitting of multipoles for the di-methyl imidazolium/chloride (DMIM+-Cl-) ionic liquid pair. Results for intermolecular Coulomb for all test systems show very good agreement. MD simulations for a reparametrized AMOEBA water model with GEM-DM provide results on par with the original AMOEBA force field for a series of bulk properties including liquid density and enthalpy of vaporization. A package for the calculation of GEM Hermite coefficients and derived distributed multipoles using the numerical procedure is also presented and released under the GNU public license.