Double-core excitations in formamide can be probed by X-ray double-quantum-coherence spectroscopy

The attosecond, time-resolved X-ray double-quantum-coherence four-wave mixing signals of formamide at the nitrogen and oxygen K-edges are simulated using restricted excitation window time-dependent density functional theory and the excited core hole approximation. These signals, induced by core exciton coupling, are particularly sensitive to the level of treatment of electron correlation, thus providing direct experimental signatures of electron and core-hole many-body effects and a test of electronic structure theories. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798635]