期刊
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
卷 34, 期 3, 页码 460-466出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.218
关键词
alanine; amino acids; hepatic encephalopathy; hyperammonemia; methionine sulfoximine (MSO)
资金
- Lundbeck Foundation
- Lundbeck Foundation, The Danish Council for Independent Research [11-105338]
- A.P. Moller Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science
Ammonia has a key role in the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In the brain, glutamine synthetase (GS) rapidly converts blood-borne ammonia into glutamine which in high concentrations may cause mitochondrial dysfunction and osrriolytic brain edema. In astrocyte-neuron cocultures and brains of healthy rats, inhibition of GS by methionine sulfoximine (MSO) reduced glutamine synthesis and increased alanine synthesis. Here, we investigate effects of MSO on brain and interorgan ammonia metabolism in sham and bile duct ligated (BDL) rats. Concentrations of glutamine, glutamate, alanine, and aspartate and incorporation of (NH4+)-N-15 into these amino acids in brain, liver, muscle, kidney, and plasma were similar in sham and BDL rats treated with saline. Methionine sulfoximine reduced glutamine concentrations in liver, kidney, and plasma but not in brain and muscle; MSO reduced incorporation of (NH4+)-N-15 into glutamine in all tissues. It did not affect alanine concentrations in any of the tissues but plasma alanine concentration increased; incorporation of 16NH: into alanine was increased in brain in sham and BDL rats and in kidney in sham rats. It inhibited GS in all tissues examined but only in brain was an increased incorporation of N-15-ammonia into alanine observed. Liver and kidney were important for metabolizing blood-borne ammonia.
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