期刊
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
卷 12, 期 6B, 页码 2552-2565出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00516.x
关键词
mesenchymal stem cells; immune tolerance; cell replacement therapies; differentiation; neoplastic cell transformation; clinical trials
资金
- Consejeria de Salud de la Junta de Andalucia [0027/2006, 0028/2006, 0029/2006, 0108/2007]
- The International Jose Carreras Foundation
- The Junta de Castilla y Leon [SACYL 2004, HUS04A07]
- The Spanish Ministry of Health [FIS PI070026, FIS PI052217]
- Comunidad de Madrid MesenCAM Network [S-BIO-02042006]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Kidney Foundation of Canada
- Multi-Organ Transplant program
Introduction Mechanisms of immunological tolerance MSCs and cell replacement strategies Clinical applications based on MSCs immune modulatory properties: overview of ongoing clinical trials MSC in the HSCT setting Clinical use of MSCs in regenerative medicine to facilitate tissue repair MSCs as a model to study cell transformation and disease Concluding remarks Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adult somatic tissues may differentiate in vitro and in vivo into multiple mesodermal tissues including bone, cartilage, adipose tissue, tendon, ligament or even muscle. MSCs preferentially home to damaged tissues where they exert their therapeutic potential. A striking feature of the MSCs is their low inherent immunogenicity as they induce little, if any, proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. Instead, MSCs appear to be immunosuppressive in vitro. Their multi-lineage differentiation potential coupled to their immuno-privileged properties is being exploited worldwide for both autologous and allo-geneic cell replacement strategies. Here, we introduce the readers to the biology of MSCs and the mechanisms underlying immune tolerance. We then outline potential cell replacement strategies and clinical applications based on the MSCs immunological properties. Ongoing clinical trials for graft-versus-host-disease, haematopoietic recovery after co-transplantation of MSCs along with haematopoietic stem cells and tissue repair are discussed. Finally, we review the emerging area based on the use of MSCs as a target cell subset for either spontaneous or induced neoplastic transformation and, for modelling non-haematological mesenchymal cancers such as sarcomas.
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