kLa of stirred tank bioreactors revisited

By means of improved feedback control k(L)a measurements become possible at a precision and reproducibility that now allow a closer look at the influences of power input and aeration rate on the oxygen mass transfer. These measurements are performed online during running fermentations without a notable impact on the biochemical conversion processes. A closer inspection of the mass transfer during cultivations showed that at least the number of impellers influences mass transfer and mixing: On the laboratory scale, two hollow blade impellers clearly showed a larger k(L)a than the usually employed three impeller versions when operated at the same agitation power and aeration rate. Hollow blade impellers are preferable under most operational conditions because of their perfect gas handling capacity. Mixing time studies showed that these two impeller systems are also preferable with respect to mixing. Furthermore the widths of the baffle bars depict a significant influence on the k(L)a. All this clearly supports the fact that it is not only the integral power density that finally determines k(L)a. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.