Porous Keratin Scaffold-Promising Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery

A porous keratin scaffold, prepared from the reduced keratin solution, has shown good cell viability which makes it a potential candidate for cell seeding. An aqueous solution of reduced keratin was extracted from horn meal using a mixture of urea, sodium dodecyl sulfate, mercaptoethanol, and water at 60 degrees C. The molecular mass of the extracted keratin is found to be ranging between 225 and 150 KDa. The CD spectrum of aqueous solution of keratin shows the presence of infinity-helical structure with beta-turns as negative absorption band at 225 nm and as positive absorption band at 195 nm. The FTIR spectrum of the same confirms infinity-helical structure with beta-turns. Its characteristic absorption hands are assigned mainly to the peptide bonds for amide I, II, and III respectively. DSC and TGA data of the reduced keratin peaks fall in region 200 degrees C-250 degrees C and 200 degrees C-400 degrees C temperatures, respectively. They correspond to the infinity-helix denaturation of the material. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 92B: 5-12, 2010