A novel low-friction surface for biomedical applications: Modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-DOPA-lysine

Aqueous biocompatible tribosystems are desirable for a variety of tissue-contacting medical devices. L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and lysine (K) peptide mimics of mussel adhesive proteins strongly interact with surfaces and may be useful for surface attachment of lubricating polymers in tribosystems. Here, we describe a significant improvement in lubrication properties of poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) surfaces when modified with PEG-DOPA-K. Surfaces were characterized by optical and atomic force microscopy, contact angle, PM-IRRAS, and Xray photoelectron spectroscopy. Such surfaces, tested over the course of 200 rotations (similar to 8 m in length), maintained an extremely low friction coefficient (mu) (0.03 +/- 0.00) compared to bare PDMS (0.98 +/- 0.02). These results indicate the potential applications of PEG-DOPA-K for the modification of device surfaces. Extremely low mu values were maintained over relatively long length scales and a range of sliding speeds without the need for substrate pre-activation and in the absence of excess polymer in aqueous solution. These results were only obtained when DOPA was bound to lysine (modification with PEG-DOPA did not have an effect on mu) suggesting the critical role of lysine in obtaining a lowered friction coefficient. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 90A: 742-749, 2009