期刊
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
卷 157, 期 2, 页码 73-80出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvu081
关键词
cumulus cell; fertilization; luteolysis; parturition; prostanoid receptor
资金
- Japan science and technology (JST) agency
- Japanese Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology (MEXT)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22116003, 15H05905, 22116001, 15H05897] Funding Source: KAKEN
Prostaglandins (PGs) have long been known to play roles in various processes of female reproduction; however, the molecular mechanisms therein remained unsolved until recently. This review summarizes the recent progress towards understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying PG actions in fertilization and parturition. A series of studies using EP2-deficient mice demonstrated that after ovulation chemokine signalling in the cumulus cells stimulates integrin activation and cumulus extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly through the RhoA/ROCK/actomyosin pathway, although excessive chemokine signalling disturbs sperm penetration. PGE(2)-EP2 signalling suppresses such a chemokine signalling and stimulates cumulus ECM disassembly, which contributes to successful fertilization. A series of studies using FP-deficient mice revealed that PGF(2 alpha)-FP signalling induces parturition at least by terminating progesterone production; however, some other EP signals are likely to be involved in parturition by inducing myometrial contraction. Therefore, it should be clarified as to which EP and/or FP receptor signals are physiologically essential for myometrial contraction and successful parturition.
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