期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 11, 期 6, 页码 503-U86出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS3340
关键词
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资金
- EU Marie Curie ITN network CORINF [264951]
- DFG [SM 292/3-1]
- EPSRC Programme Grant [EP/I032517/1]
- United States Air Force Office of Scientific Research program [FA9550-12-1-0482]
- DFG grant [SM 292/2-3]
- Australian Research Council Grant [DP120101805]
- DFG through excellence cluster Munich Center for Advanced Photonics (MAP)
- Austrian Science Foundation project ViCoM [F41]
- European COST Action XLIC [CM1204]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/I032517/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/I032517/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Resolving in time the dynamics of light absorption by atoms and molecules, and the electronic rearrangement this induces, is among the most challenging goals of attosecond spectroscopy. The attoclock is an elegant approach to this problem, which encodes ionization times in the strong-field regime. However, the accurate reconstruction of these times from experimental data presents a formidable theoretical task. Here, we solve this problem by combining analytical theory with ab initio numerical simulations. We apply our theory to numerical attoclock experiments on the hydrogen atom to extract ionization time delays and analyse their nature. Strong-field ionization is often viewed as optical tunnelling through the barrier created by the field and the core potential. We show that, in the hydrogen atom, optical tunnelling is instantaneous. We also show how calibrating the attoclock using the hydrogen atom opens the way to identifying possible delays associated with multielectron dynamics during strong-field ionization.
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