Comments on Germonpre et al., Journal of Archaeological Science 36, 2009 Fossil dogs and wolves from Palaeolithic sites in Belgium, the Ukraine and Russia: osteometry, ancient DNA and stable isotopes, and Germonpre, Lazkickova-Galetova, and Sablin, Journal of Archaeological Science 39, 2012 Palaeolithic dog skulls at the Gravettian Predmosti site, the Czech Republic

Issues related to the identification of Late Pleistocene dogs from different sites in Eurasia, triggered by recent publications (see Germonpre et al., 2009,2012; Ovodov et al., 2011), are discussed. The main focus is the problem of how to distinguish wolves from early dogs on the basis of skull and teeth morphology. The studies by Germonpre et al. (2009, 2012), reporting so-called 'Palaeolithic dogs' from Predmosti, Goyet, and other sites in Eastern and Central Europe, have some serious deficiencies. In our opinion, more work needs to be done to understand the biological mechanisms involved in wolf domestication and until then, it is premature to classify these Palaeolithic canids as fully domesticated dogs or even incipient dogs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.