Basalt fiber reinforced and elastomer toughened polylactide composites: Mechanical properties, rheology, crystallization, and morphology

A series of the reinforced and toughened polylactide (PLA) composites with different content of basalt fibers (BF) were prepared by twin screw extruder. The toughness of BF/PLA composites was improved further by the addition of polyoxyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (POE-g-MAH), ethylenepropylenediene rubber grafted with maleic anhydride (EPDM-g-MAH), and ethylene-acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EAGMA), relatively. The mechanical properties, rheology, crystallization, and morphology of BF/PLA composites were studied. The results showed that basalt fiber had significant reinforcing and toughening effect in comparsion with glass fiber. EAGMA was more effective in toughening BF/PLA composites than POE-g-MAH and EPDM-g-MAH. When the content of EAGMA achieved to 20 wt %, the impact strength of BF/PLA/EAGMA composite increased to 33.7 KJ/m2, meanwhile the value was improved by 71.1% compared with pure PLA. According to dynamic rheometer testing, the use of the three kinds of elastomers increased the melt dynamic viscosity. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that POE-g-MAH and EPDM-g-MAH can decrease the cold crystallization temperature (Tcc) to approximately 20 degrees C and dramatically improve crystallinity (?c) of BF/PLA composites. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012