期刊
NATURE MATERIALS
卷 15, 期 2, 页码 190-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NMAT4463
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资金
- ONR [N00014-14-1-0528]
- MIT Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies and NSF [CMMI-1253495]
- Samsung Scholarship
- NIH [UH3TR000505]
- MIT Materials Research Science and Engineering Center
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1532136] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
In many animals, the bonding of tendon and cartilage to bone is extremely tough (for example, interfacial toughness similar to 800 J m(-2); refs 1,2), yet such tough interfaces have not been achieved between synthetic hydrogels and non-porous surfaces of engineered solids(3-9). Here, we report a strategy to design tough transparent and conductive bonding of synthetic hydrogels containing 90% water to non-porous surfaces of diverse solids, including glass, silicon, ceramics, titanium and aluminium. The design strategy is to anchor the long-chain polymer networks of tough hydrogels covalently to non-porous solid surfaces, which can be achieved by the silanation of such surfaces. Compared with physical interactions, the chemical anchorage results in a higher intrinsic work of adhesion and in significant energy dissipation of bulk hydrogel during detachment, which lead to interfacial toughness values over 1,000 J m(-2). We also demonstrate applications of robust hydrogel-solid hybrids, including hydrogel superglues, mechanically protective hydrogel coatings, hydrogel joints for robotic structures and robust hydrogel-metal conductors.
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