期刊
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
卷 110, 期 5, 页码 1271-1282出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00735.2010
关键词
acinar airway model; respiratory dosimetry; respiratory airflow; computational fluid dynamics
资金
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [RO1 ES011177]
- National Science Foundation through TeraGrid resources provided by San Diego Supercomputer Center and National Center for Supercomputer Applications
- San Diego Supercomputer Center
Although the major mechanisms of aerosol deposition in the lung are known, detailed quantitative data in anatomically realistic models are still lacking, especially in the acinar airways. In this study, an algorithm was developed to build multigenerational three-dimensional models of alveolated airways with arbitrary bifurcation angles and spherical alveolar shape. Using computational fluid dynamics, the deposition of 1- and 3-mu m aerosol particles was predicted in models of human alveolar sac and terminal acinar bifurcation under rhythmic wall motion for two breathing conditions (functional residual capacity = 3 liter, tidal volume = 0.5 and 0.9 liter, breathing period = 4 s). Particles entering the model during one inspiration period were tracked for multiple breathing cycles until all particles deposited or escaped from the model. Flow recirculation inside alveoli occurred only during transition between inspiration and expiration and accounted for no more than 1% of the whole cycle. Weak flow irreversibility and convective transport were observed in both models. The average deposition efficiency was similar for both breathing conditions and for both models. Under normal gravity, total deposition was similar to 33 and 75%, of which similar to 67 and 96% occurred during the first cycle, for 1-and 3-mu m particles, respectively. Under zero gravity, total deposition was similar to 2-5% for both particle sizes. These results support previous findings that gravitational sedimentation is the dominant deposition mechanism for micrometer-sized aerosols in acinar airways. The results also showed that moving walls and multiple breathing cycles are needed for accurate estimation of aerosol deposition in acinar airways.
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