期刊
NATURE
卷 526, 期 7573, 页码 430-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature15694
关键词
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资金
- W. M. Keck Foundation
- Cockrell Family Foundation
- Rett Syndrome Research Trust
- Carl. C. Anderson, Sr. and Marie Jo Anderson Charitable Foundation [R01NS057819]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute [DP5OD009134, R25 N070694]
- IDDRC at Baylor College of Medicine from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development [U54HD083092]
- National Center for Research Resources [C06RR029965]
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has improved the prospects for many individuals with diseases affecting motor control, and recently it has shown promise for improving cognitive function as well. Several studies in individuals with Alzheimer disease and in amnesic rats have demonstrated that DBS targeted to the fimbria-fornix(1-3), the region that appears to regulate hippocampal activity, can mitigate defects in hippocampus-dependent memory(3-5). Despite these promising results, DBS has not been tested for its ability to improve cognition in any childhood intellectual disability disorder. Such disorders are a pressing concern: they affect as much as 3% of the population and involve hundreds of different genes. We proposed that stimulating the neural circuits that underlie learning and memory might provide a more promising route to treating these otherwise intractable disorders than seeking to adjust levels of one molecule at a time. We therefore studied the effects of forniceal DBS in a well-characterized mouse model of Rett syndrome (RTT), which is a leading cause of intellectual disability in females. Caused by mutations that impair the function of MeCP2 (ref. 6), RTT appears by the second year of life in humans, causing profound impairment in cognitive, motor and social skills, along with an array of neurological features(7). RTT mice, which reproduce the broad phenotype of this disorder, also show clear deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity(8-11). Here we show that forniceal DBS in RTT mice rescues contextual fear memory as well as spatial learning and memory. In parallel, forniceal DBS restores in vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation and hippocampal neurogenesis. These results indicate that forniceal DBS might mitigate cognitive dysfunction in RTT.
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