期刊
NATURE
卷 524, 期 7564, 页码 216-+出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/nature14558
关键词
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资金
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05130202]
- Special Foundation of the President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Romanian National Research Council [PCCE 31/2010]
- US National Science Foundation HOMINID [BCS-1032255]
- US National Institutes of Health [GM100233]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Presidential Innovation Fund of the Max Planck Society
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci [1032255] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Neanderthals are thought to have disappeared in Europe approximately 39,000-41,000 years ago but they have contributed 1-3% of the DNA of present-day people in Eurasia(1). Here we analyse DNA from a 37,000-42,000-year-old(2) modern human from Pestera cu Oase, Romania. Although the specimen contains small amounts of human DNA, we use an enrichment strategy to isolate sites that are informative about its relationship to Neanderthals and present-day humans. We find that on the order of 6-9% of the genome of the Oase individual is derived from Neanderthals, more than any other modern human sequenced to date. Three chromosomal segments of Neanderthal ancestry are over 50 centimorgans in size, indicating that this individual had a Neanderthal ancestor as recently as four to six generations back. However, the Oase individual does not share more alleles with later Europeans than with East Asians, suggesting that the Oase population did not contribute substantially to later humans in Europe.
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