期刊
NATURE
卷 523, 期 7562, 页码 543-+出版社
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/nature14565
关键词
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资金
- US National Science Foundation (NSF)
- FNRS-CFB in Belgium
- FWO in Belgium
- NRCan/GSC in Canada
- CAS in China
- FIST in Denmark
- IPEV in France
- CNRS/INSU in France
- CEA in France
- ANR in France
- AWI in Germany
- RannIs in Iceland
- NIPR in Japan
- KOPRI in Korea
- NWO/ALW in The Netherlands
- VR in Sweden
- SNF in Switzerland
- NERC in UK
- US NSF, Office of Polar Programs in USA
- NSF/OPP [0839093, 0968391, 1142166, 0909541, 1023672, 1204176, 0636964, 0839137, 0839042, 0636815]
- Villum Foundation
- Yale Climate and Energy Institute
- Initiative for the Science of the Human Past at Harvard
- Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat (LMU Munich)
- Marie Curie FP7 Integration Grant within the 7th European Union Framework Programme
- NSF [ATM1203749]
- Swedish Research Council [DNR2013-8421]
- SNF
- Oeschger Centre
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences [1203749] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Earth Sciences [1153689] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP) [0636815, 0839042, 0839137, 1142166, 0636964] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1203301] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering
- Office Of The Director [0968391] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [1023672, 0944348, 1204176] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Natural Environment Research Council [bas0100034] Funding Source: researchfish
- NERC [bas0100034] Funding Source: UKRI
Volcanic eruptions contribute to climate variability, but quantifying these contributions has been limited by inconsistencies in the timing of atmospheric volcanic aerosol loading determined from ice cores and subsequent cooling from climate proxies such as tree rings. Here we resolve these inconsistencies and show that large eruptions in the tropics and high latitudes were primary drivers of interannual-to-decadal temperature variability in the Northern Hemisphere during the past 2,500 years. Our results are based on new records of atmospheric aerosol loading developed from high-resolution, multi-parameter measurements from an array of Greenland and Antarctic ice cores as well as distinctive age markers to constrain chronologies. Overall, cooling was proportional to the magnitude of volcanic forcing and persisted for up to ten years after some of the largest eruptive episodes. Our revised timescale more firmly implicates volcanic eruptions as catalysts in the major sixth-century pandemics, famines, and socioeconomic disruptions in Eurasia and Mesoamerica while allowing multi-millennium quantification of climate response to volcanic forcing.
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