Dynamic ferroelectric hysteresis scaling of BaTiO3 single crystals

The scaling behavior of the dynamic hysteresis of ferroelectric BaTiO3 single crystals was investigated. Two sets of the scaling relation of hysteresis area < A > against frequency f and field amplitude E-0 were clearly established. Above the coercive field, the scaling took a form of < A >proportional to f(-0.195)E(0)(0.950). On the other hand, the scaling in the form of < A >proportional to f(0)(1.667E)-2.804E(0)(4.157) was obtained under subcoercive field condition. While these scaling relations were generally comparable to previously reported ones, it was found that the f and E-0 exponents depended on E-0 and f, respectively, which was in contrast to the prior theoretical prediction and experimental investigations.