期刊
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY
卷 24, 期 4, 页码 731-741出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10811-011-9692-1
关键词
Antiviral activity; Microalgae; Dunaliella salina; Haematococcus pluvialis; Pressurized liquid extraction
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [AGL2005-06726-C04]
- programme CONSOLIDER-INGENIO [CDS2007-00063]
- regional programme ALIBIRD-CM from the Comunidad de Madrid, Spain [S-0505/AGR-0153]
Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), an environmentally friendly technique, has been used to obtain antiviral compounds from microalgae commonly used as carotenoid sources: Haematococcus pluvialis and Dunaliella salina. The antiviral properties of PLE extracts (hexane, ethanol and water) were evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) at different stages during viral infection. Pretreatment of Vero cells with 75 mu g mL(-1) of H. pluvialis ethanol extract inhibited virus infection by approximately 85%, whereas the same concentration of water and hexane extracts reduced the virus infectivity 75% and 50%, respectively. D. salina extracts were less effective than H. pluvialis extracts and presented a different behaviour since water and ethanol extracts produced a similar virus inhibition (65%). Moreover, H. pluvialis ethanol extract was also the most effective against HSV-1 intracellular replication. The antiviral activity of water PLE extracts was found to correlate with polysaccharides since the polysaccharide-rich fraction isolated from these extracts showed higher antiviral activity than the original water extracts. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) characterization of the H. pluvialis ethanol extract showed the antiviral activity of this extract could be partially related with the presence of short-chain fatty acids, although other compounds could be involved in this activity; meanwhile, in the case of D. salina ethanol extract other compounds seemed to be implied, such as: beta-ionone, neophytadiene, phytol, palmitic acid and alpha-linolenic acid. The results demonstrate the use of PLE allows obtaining antiviral compounds from microalgae used as carotenoids sources, which gives the microalgae biomass an added value.
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