期刊
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
卷 67, 期 9, 页码 2069-2089出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks196
关键词
oxidative stress; two-component systems; ECF sigma factors; stringent response; stress-induced mutagenesis
资金
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Cystic Fibrosis Canada
Bacteria encounter a myriad of stresses in their natural environments, including, for pathogens, their hosts. These stresses elicit a variety of specific and highly regulated adaptive responses that not only protect bacteria from the offending stress, but also manifest changes in the cell that impact innate antimicrobial susceptibility. Thus exposure to nutrient starvation/limitation (nutrient stress), reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (oxidative/nitrosative stress), membrane damage (envelope stress), elevated temperature (heat stress) and ribosome disruption (ribosomal stress) all impact bacterial susceptibility to a variety of antimicrobials through their initiation of stress responses that positively impact recruitment of resistance determinants or promote physiological changes that compromise antimicrobial activity. As de facto determinants of antimicrobial, even multidrug, resistance, stress responses may be worthy of consideration as therapeutic targets.
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