期刊
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
卷 93, 期 -, 页码 95-103出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.10.002
关键词
Biorefinery; Wheat straw; Lignin; Organosolv fractionation; Bubbling fluidized bed pyrolysis; Lignin pyrolysis oil; Biochar; Phenol(ics)
资金
- EU-FP6 integrated project BioSynergy (EC) [038994-SES6]
- Dutch EOS-LT LignoValue project [EOSLT-05011]
- Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation as part of the ECN biomass research program
The cost-effectiveness of a lignocellulose biorefinery may be improved by developing applications for lignin with a higher value than application as fuel. We have developed a pyrolysis based lignin biorefinery approach, called LIBRA, to transform lignin into phenolic bio-oil and biochar using bubbling fluidized bed reactor technology. The bio-oil is a potential source for value-added products that can replace petrochemical phenol in wood-adhesives, resins and polymer applications. The biochar can e.g. be used as a fuel, as soil-improver as solid bitumen additive and as a precursor for activated carbon. In this paper we applied the pyrolysis-based LIBRA concept for the valorisation of wheat straw-derived organosolv lignin. First, we produced lignin with a high purity from two wheat straw varieties, using an organosolv fractionation approach. Subsequently, we converted these lignins into bio-oil and biochar by pyrolysis. For comparison purposes, we also tested two reference lignins, one from soda-pulping of a mixture of wheat straw and Sarkanda grass (Granit) and one from Alcell organosolv fractionation of hardwoods. Results indicate that similar to 80 wt% of the dry lignin can be converted into bio-oil (with a yield of 40-60%) and biochar (30-40%). The bio-oil contains 25-40 wt% (based on the dry lignin weight) of a phenolic fraction constituting of monomeric (7-11%) and oligomeric (14-24%) components. The monomeric phenols consist of guaiacols, syringols, alkyl phenols, and catechols. 4-vinylguaiacol is the major phenolic monomer that is formed during the pyrolysis of the straw lignins in yields from 0.5-1 wt%. For the hardwood-lignin Alcell, the predominant phenol is 4-methylsyringol (1.2 wt%). The ratio guaiacols/syringols seems to be an indicative marker for the source of the lignin. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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