Nd3+-sensitized NaLuF4 luminescent nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and temperature sensing under 808 nm excitation

In this paper, intense up-and down-conversion luminescence were successfully achieved in well designed and synthesized core-shell structured NaLuF4:Gd/Yb/Er@ NaLuF4:Yb@ NaLuF4:Nd/Yb@ NaLuF4:nanoparticles (NPs) simultaneously under 808 nm continuous-wave laser excitation. The morphologies, luminescent properties and energy transfer mechanism of the nanoparticles were studied in detail. By employing this design, multimodal imaging performance including near-infrared down-conversion optical imaging and X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging were realized in one kind of NPs. Furthermore, the 808 nm excited optical temperature sensing property of the synthesized NPs was realized in a wide temperature range by monitoring the intensities of up-and down-conversion luminescence. This study provides a novel platform based on lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles for multifunctional imaging and temperature sensing in one system.