Direct Visualization of Walking Motions of Photocontrolled Nanomachine on the DNA Nanostructure

A light-driven artificial molecular nanomachine was constructed based on DNA scaffolding. Pyrene-modified walking strands and disulfide bond-connected stator strands, employed as anchorage sites to support walker movement, were assembled into a 2D DNA tile. Pyrene molecules excited by photoirradiation at 350 nm induced cleavage of disulfide bond-connected stator strands, enabling the DNA walker to migrate from one cleaved stator to the next on the DNA tile. The time-dependent movement of the walker was observed and the entire walking process of the walker was characterized by distribution of the walker-stator duplex at four anchorage sites on the tile under different irradiation times. Importantly, the light-fuelled mechanical movements on DNA tile were first visualized in real time during UV irradiation using high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM).