The effect of wattle tannin drenches on gastrointestinal nematodes of tropical sheep and goats during experimental and natural infections

In previous work, administration of a commercial tannin preparation, quebracho, as oral drench was shown to reduce significantly faecal egg counts (FEC) and worm burdens of temperate sheep with experimental Haemonchus contortus infection. In the current work carried out in Morogoro, Tanzania, three separate animal trials were carried out to investigate the effect of drenches of wattle tannin (WT), a. similar tannin preparation that is readily available in the tropics, on nematodes of tropical goats and sheep. In the first trial, 36 young Small Last African (SEA) gouts were experimentally infected with a single dose of mixed nematode larvae and FEC were monitored regularly. On day 30 post-infection (p.i.), the animals were blocked on the basis of their FEC and randomly assigned into three equal groups (it - 12). For 3 consecutive days, two groups received low and high doses of drench at a rate of 1.2 and 2.4 g WT/kg bodyweight, respectively, whereas the third group received a placebo drench (i.e. water). All goats were humanely slaughtered on day 42 p.i. and their worm burdens were assessed. Neither FEC nor worm burdens were significantly reduced by the administration of the low or high close of WT. The second trial had in identical design but two groups (n - 14) of growing Blackflead Persian (BHP) sheep were used instead. One group received the drench at 1.5 g WT/kg body wt for 3 consecutive days, whereas the other group received a placebo. Unlike in goats, worm burdens and FEC were significantly reduced (P<0.001) by the drench administration. In the third trial, the effect of WT drench against a naturally acquired nematode infestation in a flock of 34 BIIP sheep wax determined. FEC were examined three times in a 2-week period and the egg counts were used to block the sheep before being randomly assigned into two groups (n=17). The treated group received the drench at 1.0 g WT/kg bodyweight for 3 consecutive clays, while the remaining half was given a placebo. The two groups continued to graze together as FEC were being monitored. Results indicated a significant (P<0.001) reduction in egg counts, which remained low for at least 3 weeks after the drench. The current study demonstrated that the WT drench had significant anthelmintic activity against important nematodes in sheep but not in goats, suggesting an existence of,pecks differences between the two hosts. It was concluded that WT drenches could be used in combination with other worth control strategies to reduce or control nematode infections, at least in sheep.