Soybean Glycinin- and β-Conglycinin-Induced Intestinal Damage in Piglets via the p38/JNK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

beta-Conglycinin (7S) and glycinin (11S) are known to induce a variety of hypersensitivity reactions involving the skin, intestinal tract, and respiratory tract. The present study aimed to identify the mechanism underlying the development of allergy to soybean antigen proteins, using piglets as an animal model. Weaned ''Duroc x Landrace X Yorkshire piglets were fed a diet supplemented with 7S or 11S to investigate the signaling pathway involved in intestinal damage in piglets. Results showed that serum nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and caspase-3 levels were significantly higher in 7S- and 11S fed piglets compared to those in suckling or weaned ones. mRNA, protein, and phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), p38, and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were higher in 7S- and 11S-fed piglets than in suckling and weaned ones. Overall, our results indicate that 7S and 11S damaged the intestinal function in piglets through their impact on NF-kappa B, JNK, and p38 expression.