期刊
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
卷 169, 期 -, 页码 61-75出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.08.006
关键词
Adolescent; Depression; Prevention; Risk and protective factors; Review; Longitudinal studies
资金
- Australian Postgraduate Award from the Australian Federal Government
- National Health and Medical Research Council Australia Fellowship [566652]
Background: Adolescence is a peak time for the onset of depression, but little is known about what adolescents can do to reduce their own level of risk. To fill this gap, a review was carried out to identify risk and protective factors for depression during adolescence that are modifiable by the young person. Methods: Employing the PRISMA method, we conducted a systematic review and meta analysis of longitudinal studies to identify risk and protective factors during the adolescent period (aged 12-18 years) that are potentially modifiable by the young person without professional intervention or assistance. Stouffer's method of combining p values was used to determine whether associations between variables were reliable, and meta analyses were conducted to estimate the mean effect sizes of associations. Results: We identified 113 publications which met the inclusion criteria. Putative risk factors implicated in the development of depression for which there is a sound evidence base, and which are potentially modifiable during adolescence without professional intervention, are: substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, other illicit drugs, and polydrug use); dieting; negative coping strategies; and weight. Modifiable protective factors with a sound evidence base are healthy diet and sleep. Limitations: Limitations include not systematically reviewing moderators and mediators, the lack of generalisability across cultures or to younger children or young adults, and the inability to conduct a meta-analysis on all included studies. Conclusions: Findings from this review suggest that future health education campaigns or self-help prevention interventions targeting adolescent depression should aim to reduce substance use (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, other illicit drugs, and polydrug use); dieting; and negative coping strategies; and promote healthy weight; diet; and sleep patterns. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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