期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 55
卷 55, 期 -, 页码 439-464出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124630
关键词
exosomes; extracellular RNA; microvesicles; drug delivery; liposomes; gene medicine; gene therapy; mesenchymal stem cells; nanoparticles
资金
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NCI NIH HHS [CA069246, P01 CA069246, P50 CA090386, U19 CA179563] Funding Source: Medline
This review provides an updated perspective on rapidly proliferating efforts to harness extracellular vesicles (EVs) for therapeutic applications. We summarize current knowledge, emerging strategies, and open questions pertaining to clinical potential and translation. Potentially useful EVs comprise diverse products of various cell types and species. EV components may also be combined with liposomes and nanoparticles to facilitate manufacturing as well as product safety and evaluation. Potential therapeutic cargoes include RNA, proteins, and drugs. Strategic issues considered herein include choice of therapeutic agent, means of loading cargoes into EVs, promotion of EV stability, tissue targeting, and functional delivery of cargo to recipient cells. Some applications may harness natural EV properties, such as immune modulation, regeneration promotion, and pathogen suppression. These properties can be enhanced or customized to enable a wide range of therapeutic applications, including vaccination, improvement of pregnancy outcome, and treatment of autoimmune disease, cancer, and tissue injury.
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