High-efficiency tandem perovskite solar cells

A method to cost-effectively upgrade the performance of an established small-bandgap solar technology is to deposit a large-bandgap polycrystalline semiconductor on top to make a tandem solar cell. Metal-halide perovskites have recently been demonstrated as large-bandgap semiconductors that perform well even as a defective and polycrystalline material. We review the initial experimental and modeling work performed on these tandems. We also discuss in-depth the challenges of perovskite-based tandems and the innovations needed from the solar research community to propel perovskite-based tandems into the high-efficiency (>25%) regime and reach commercial competitiveness.