Hot Cracking of Metal Inert Gas Arc Welded Magnesium Alloy AZ91D

The microstructure and cracking characteristics of MIG welded magnesium alloy (AZ91D) joint, and the effect of welding speed on cracking susceptibility have been investigated. The welded joint consists of primary alpha-Mg and divorced phases (eutectic alpha-Mg+eutectic beta-Mg(17)Al(12)), the latter mainly distributing along the alpha-Mg grain boundaries. Solidification cracking often occurred in the crater and was also observed at weld center line when welding speed was 300 mm/min, which are associated with segregation of Mn, Al and Zn and high tensile stresses in the welds. Liquation cracking appeared in HAZ immediately adjacent to the fusion line when low welding speed was used (300 mm/min). It is mainly related to the low welding speed resulting in increasing heat input and tensile stresses in the HAZ. It is favorable to decrease heat input for improving the susceptibility of hot cracking during MIG welding of magnesium alloys.