期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
卷 48, 期 2, 页码 249-256出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2010.09.021
关键词
Ferroelectrics; Flexoelectricity; Indentation
类别
资金
- NSF [CMMI 0826153]
- NIRT [CMMI 0708096]
- IMI center IIMEC
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [0826153] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Recent works have established the critical role of flexoelectricity in a variety of size-dependent physical phenomena related to ferroelectrics including giant piezoelectricity at the nanoscale, dead-layer effect in nanocapacitors, dielectric properties of nanostructures among others. Flexoelectricity couples strain gradients to polarization in both ordinary and piezoelectric dielectrics. Relatively few experimental works exist that have determined flexoelectric properties and they all generally involve some sort of bending tests on micro-specimens. In this work, we present a straightforward method based on nanoindentation that allows the evaluation of flexoelectric properties in a facile manner. The key contribution is the development of an analytical model that, in conjunction with indentation load-displacement data, allows an estimate of the flexoelectric constants. In particular, we confirm the experimental results of other groups on BaTiO3 which differ by three orders of magnitude from atomistic predictions. Our analytical model predicts (duly confirmed by our experiments) a strong indentation size-effect due to flexoelectricity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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