A Novel Route to Modify the Interface of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite via Bacterial Cellulose

A simple and novel method to modify the surface of glass material with Acetobacter xylinum bacteria to deposit bacterial cellulose (BC) around glass material during the process of fermentation was described. The modified glass material with more hydrophobic and rougher surface was characterized by FTIR, SEM, XPS, peeling experiments, and water/air contact angle. It was found that heat treatment at 140 approximate to 150 degrees C was able to improve the interaction between BC and glass material owing to the increase in chemical bonds between them. The biological modified glass fibers were compounded with epoxy resin. The influence of incubation time and high temperature on the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between glass fibers and epoxy resin was identified by Microbond Test. The strongest IFSS could be obtained with incubation time of 1 hour and temperature of 140 degrees C, which then offers a biological approach to improve the interface of silicates materials and resin matrix.